Salatiga - Benda Cagar Budaya
Bij de foto: Afbraak van het gebouw van
De Kodim 0714.
Dit was het voormalige
pension Blommestein. Pembongkaran
Bekas Markas Kodim Salatiga.
Foto: Theo van Beusekom (Salatiga, december, 2009)
Cagar budaya adalah kegiatan untuk menjaga atau melakukan konservasi terhadap benda-benda alam atau buatan manusia yang dianggap memiliki nilai penting bagi sejarah, ilmu pengetahuan dan kebudayaan. Di Indonesia, benda cagar budaya harus berumur sekurang-kurangnya 50 tahun (UU No.5 tahun 1992).
Benda cagar budaya tidak hanya penting bagi disiplin ilmu arkeologi, tetapi terdapat berbagai disiplin yang dapat melakukan analisis terhadapnya. Antropologi misalnya dapat melihat kaitan antara benda cagar budaya dengan kebudayaan sekarang. (Wikipedia)
Salatiga dikenal sebagai kota yang udaranya dingin, enak buat istirahat, mengisi waktu liburan, makananya enak-enak dan masih banyak gedung-gedung tua dengan arsitektur Belanda yang sangat bagus-bagus.
Tetapi saat ini terusak ketenangannya dengan rencana pembongkaran salah satu bangunan cagar budaya yang dimiliki Salatiga. Jika bangunan tersebut jadi dibongkar, Salatiga akan kehilangan satu lagi saksi sejarah dan jati diri.
Kota Salatiga semakin tergerus arus modernisasi.
Akankah kita rela jika orang tidak lagi mengenal Kota Salatiga?
- Hati Beriman Facebook
- Kami menolak Pembongkaran Bangunan Belanda eks Kodim Salatiga (Facebook)
- I ♥ Salatiga Facebook
- Facebook Salatiga
- Cagar Budaya Salatiga
- Peta Benda Cagar Budaya Salatiga
Fighting To Save Salatiga's History
In the 1930s and ’40s, the Dutch
buildings that lined the streets of Salatiga, Central
Java, were iconic of Indonesia’s fight for independence
— that is, of course, only when they were set on fire.
Back then, torching hotels and office buildings was a
way of sending the Dutch colonialists a clear message:
Get out!
The people of Salatiga today have no one to drive out
and no reason to burn down the beautiful buildings that
the Dutch left behind. In fact, members of the community
are now fighting the government to protect the very
buildings that their ancestors sought to destroy.
In stark contrast to Jakarta, there is only one mall in
Salatiga — the modest Taman Sari, which has little more
than a Ramayana department store.
The mall sits on the spot where the city’s main road,
Jalan Sudirman, starts, along which hole-in-the-wall
stalls offer locals everything they need and nothing
they don’t. And unlike the high-rise buildings that
dominate Jakarta’s skyline, there are none in Salatiga.
However, the luxury of walking along paved sidewalks and
through parks while admiring this quaint city’s colonial
architecture may soon become a thing of the past. This
is because the local and provincial governments have yet
to formally identify which buildings are a part of
Salatiga’s heritage and therefore warrant legal
protection.
“If we put up a lot of malls in Salatiga, we will be
worse than Semarang, which has already lost many of its
historical buildings,” said writer Eddy Supangkat,
coordinator of Forped BCB Salatiga, the organization
spearheading the campaign to conserve Salatiga’s
heritage buildings.
“I want Salatiga to be known for its historical
buildings, not for its malls.”
The local and provincial governments have had 65 years
since independence to figure out what to do with their
heritage buildings.
This month, they have been feeling the heat as the
public demands that they get a move on.
“The Salatiga government doesn’t yet have legal
authority over these buildings. They are the
responsibility of the Ministry of Tourism and Culture,
which acts through the Conservation of Cultural Heritage
Agency [BP3],” Valentino Haribowo, head of the Salatiga
government’s public relations department, told the
Jakarta Globe.
Valentino gave his comments at the local government’s
office, an old building marked with a gambrel roof,
decadent high ceilings, grand iron light fittings and a
white rendered exterior that are characteristic of Dutch
architecture.
Even though the local government has denied
responsibility for the buildings, Salatiga Mayor John
Manuel Manoppo has given a private company permission to
knock down a building in the military’s old headquarters,
now known as the ex-Kodim complex.
The 100-year-old complex was bought by PT NV Yogyakarta
last year. The company plans to develop a mall there and
the complex is now completely fenced in with meters-high
metal fences.
After months of public campaigns against the development,
the company has put up a sign outside the complex that
reads: “This land and building are legally owned by PT
NV Yogyakarta.”
Through a few holes in the fence, the public can peer
into the site, where the main building has been leveled
off, save for a couple of walls.
“There’s no problem with the demolition. The only issue
is what will be built afterwards,” Mayor Manoppo told
members of the local media last year.
But following a spate of negative press and lobbying by
the community — including an active Facebook group and a
coin drive— the government has changed its tune and is
now claiming that it wants the complex to be protected
as a heritage site.
On Jan. 22, a group of activists marched to the local
government office, demanding legal protection of the
ex-Kodim complex.
On Wednesday, police questioned local government staff
over the demolished building.
In theory, the complex is already legally protected. The
1992 Law on the Protection of Cultural Heritage states
that any building more than 50 years old is
automatically considered a heritage site and should
therefore be listed as such and preserved.
Forped BCB tried to have the ex-Kodim building
registered as a heritage site before it was sold, so
that NV Yogyakarta would be unable to develop the site.
“What I am worried about is that there are more heritage
buildings that have been sold to private owners,” Eddy
said.
NV Yogyakarta’s operations were halted two weeks ago due
to public pressure. The Conservation of Cultural
Heritage Agency sent a warning letter to the Salatiga
government, which then forwarded the message to NV
Yogyakarta.
The warning, however, came too late.
“We sent BP3’s warning to the owner, but we didn’t
realize the main building had already been demolished,”
Valentino said.
It is unknown if or when NV Yogyakarta will go ahead
with its development plans, although it has submitted a
request to the local legislature for permission to
develop the mall.
The local and provincial governments are now cooperating
with BP3 to examine 16 buildings for heritage status
consideration, including the government-owned office,
one Christian church and a number of schools.
It is hoped that the move will be echoed throughout the
country. On Jan. 20, Indonesia’s oldest movie theater,
Bioskop Banteng in Pangkal Pinal, Belitung, was
demolished. The theater was built in 1917.
In Salatiga, examples of old buildings that have been
bought and demolished include a Dutch film studio that
is now a KFC restaurant and a former hotel and school
that are now markets.
The ex-Kodim and Bioskop Banteng cases have raised
suspicions of corruption in local governments.
“The local governments are the ones allowing these
buildings to be knocked down,” Joe Marbun, coordinator
of the Cultural Heritage Advocacy Community, told the
Globe.
“These buildings are legally protected by law, so why
are they being demolished? The governments obviously
have motives.”
When asked how much the local government would profit
from a new mall in town, Valentino did not respond, only
saying that the Salatiga government now supported the
protection of the ex-Kodim building.
Eddy was not willing to speculate. “I’m not exactly sure
if there’s corruption in this part of the government and
I wouldn’t want to falsely accuse anyone. I prefer to
think positively,” he said.
He added that he was certain corruption existed in some
parts of the local government.
But he is happy with the positive support he has found
in the community.
“It is important we preserve our history, like Bung
Karno said Jasmerah: ‘ Jangan sekali-kali melupakan
sejarah ’ [‘Don’t ever forget your history’].”
